rice panicle minecraft. g Comparison of rice grain length between FAZ1 and osepfl6. rice panicle minecraft

 
 g Comparison of rice grain length between FAZ1 and osepfl6rice panicle minecraft Panicle architecture traits of the three rice panels in 2017

Subscribe! #minecraft #mods #minecraft modsDownload Links:Farmer's Deligh. Click on Installations. Comments (1. In this study, we characterized a. comBlock "farmersdelight:rice_panicle" from farmersdelight:rice_panicle does not exist! I believe this is due to the block having an s at the end of panicle in the command for setblock. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a wide variety of hearty meals: from sandwiches to salads and stews, from beautiful desserts to mouth-watering feasts, no ingredient will be left behind in. Thus, we investigated the SAPK2 roles related to panicle and grain development by analyzing the number of grains per panicle, the seed setting rate, the grain length and width, the 1000-grain weight and the grain yield per. Characterization of dep2. When placed above any suitable heat source (campfire, open flames, lava, a stove etc. Accurate panicle identification is a key step in rice-field phenotyping. In this study, the breeding. 1, Supplementary Table 1). The GN-System, which can quickly and accurately predict the grain number per rice panicle, can provide an effective, convenient, and low-cost tool for yield evaluation, crop breeding, and genetic research. The total milled rice consumption is 490 million tons in 2018, and is predicted to be 590 million tons in. Wild Rice in a Swamp Biome. A total of 16 panicle blast resistance loci (PBRLs) within three years including. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a cereal grain and the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world’s human population, especially in Asia (Ghadirnezhad and Fallah, 2014). Figure 1. This book shows the importance of rice for human consumption. On an individual organ. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a. 6K Online. All these parts of rice forms a complete rice plant and they has their own crucial function in the growth and development of rice plant. Let's look at them and compare with a race! Along the way we take a deep l. Development of resistant cultivars using broad-spectrum resistance (R) genes with high breeding value is the most effective and economical approach to control this disease. To get a serving, right click on the placed Medley. The methods that are currently used to count the number of grains per panicle are manually conducted, making them labor intensive and time consuming. However, the molecular mechanisms of GNPP determination are not well understood. In rice panicle development, new meristems are generated sequentially in an organized manner and acquire their identity in a time- and position-dependent manner. Then, the rice ear point cloud was collected, and the rice ear point cloud data set was made. It has room for cabling in the floors and has various rooms spread over two levels. In order to tackle these. Does bone meal generate wild rice or rice pannical? The rice seeds aren't for Farmer's delight, but for the Thermal Cultivation variant of rice. As the determinants of yield products, rice panicle traits are important targets for breeding. Ikeda K, Nagasawa N, Natago Y (2001) ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 temporally regulates meristem identity in rice. However, this approach typically requires large datasets with object-level. Both traits are related to the ratio of the panicle number to the maximum tiller number, referred to as the panicle ratio (PR). In this study, a RiceRes2Net based on improved Cascade RCNN (Region-CNN) architecture was proposed to detect the rice panicle and. Then you can grind the panicle to get straw again. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able. " Farmer's Delight is a mod that gently expands upon farming and cooking in Minecraft. Using a Basket Baskets can be placed down in six different directions, even functioning upside down. Introduction. However, when right-clicked, it will drop 1 Rice (or 1-2 Rice before version 1. Tools that can be used alongside the Cutting Board are Knives, Pickaxes, Axes, Shovels and Shears. Proper allocation of nitrogen (N) from source leaves to grains is essential step for high crop grain yield and N use efficiency. Open the Minecraft Launcher. 150%. A molecular circuit of panicle development in rice is regulated through a complex network of genes that initiates with the change of shoot meristems to. Incomplete panicle exsertion is one of the symptoms of cold injury at reproductive stage in rice, which reduces grain yield, and it is a better indicator of cold tolerance under field conditions. Fried Rice is a food item added by the Farmer's Delight mod. Edit. Bone Meal may cause the crop to grow one stage, just like regular Vanilla crops. Relations. Is anything not working as described? Wild Rice is a plant and food ingredient found in the Land of Lakes biome. 9–63. Plant growth parameters as affected by soil fertilization on rice are: Growth parameters: Dry matter accumulation (DMA). Here, using rice microarray, we provided a time course gene expression profile of rice panicle at anther developmental stage 8 after 40°C treatment for 0 min, 20 min, 60 min, 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h. Rice (Oryza sativa L. b The setting of a P-chamber in a paddy field. Today we are looking at the Farmer's Delight Mod for Minecraft Java Edition 1. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. 35xp. virens can also produce some toxins but less is known about the response mechanisms of the plant to U. Uncategorized rice panicle farmer's delight minecraft. Rice panicle architecture determines the grain number per panicle and therefore impacts grain yield. 47MB a year. Panicle length strongly affects panicle architecture, but the underlying regulatory. ) plays an essential role in global food security, serving as the primary nutritive source for almost half of the world population [1]. When entered into the Synthesizer, it will unlock a new recipe. MCPE Addons which definitely your top source for Minecraft Pocket Edition Mods with exclusive content about Minecraft Tips, Minecraft Maps, Minecraft Seeds, Minecraft Skins,. The rice panicle is a determinate inflorescence, in which the apical meristem degenerates after producing several primary branch primordia. Welcome to Lantern Lodge. , 2018 ). Rice evolved a diversified determinate inflorescence (also called panicle), and rice panicle development includes high orderly and complex biological events including the formation of lateral branches and spikelet organs. Although a large number of genes involved in panicle development have been identified in recent years, the complex processes of inflorescence patterning need to be further characterized in rice. Panicle architecture directly affects crop productivity and is a key target of high-yield rice breeding. Where to Find Rice. A rice GNPP mutant, ngp4a, was isolated from an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized rice library of japonica Nipponbare. ABSTRACT. 3390 / s19143106 / journal / sensors Sensors 2019 , 19 , 3106 2 of 16The vascular bundle in the panicle neck is a crucial trait in rice (Oryza sativa) production that differs between the indica and japonica subspecies. Epialleles may also provide a new genetic source for crop breeding, but very few epialleles related to agricultural traits have been identified in rice. e. 4 %. Panicle blast is a serious stage, leading to severe yield loss. 0, 8. 10 core version. Together with panicle number, panicle architecture determines sink-based yield potential. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a wide variety of hearty meals: from sandwiches to salads and stews, from beautiful desserts to mouth-watering feasts, no ingredient will be left behind in your kitchen!It also. It always prefers receiving items from the off-hand, allowing players to hold their ingredients there while holding the tool in their main hand, processing the stack simply by holding the use button. Factors determining varietal yield differences must be identified to improve crop productivity. Transcription factor OsMADS50 is a known key regulator in rice flowering . ) is vital for agricultural management, but accurate identification of this phenomenon is difficult as the panicle forms within the pseudostem. If you use a Knife, it will give you Rice and Straw instead. - Seed-bearing Wild Crops (cabbage, beet and tomato) have a small chance of dropping an. Images. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of rice plant architecture will provide theoretical guidance and valuable gene resources for breeding elite rice varieties with ideal plant architecture. 9a) and the crop's growth will go back to its pre-mature form. 0% of the rice cultivation area in 2019, but in 2021, the incidence area was 30,707. ), one of the most widely consumed food crops, feeds over a half of world population, and provides more than 21% of the dietary calories worldwide (Fitzgerald et al. Farmer's Delight is a mod that gently expands upon farming and cooking in Minecraft. Background Accurate estimation of heading date of paddy rice greatly helps the breeders to understand the adaptability of different crop varieties in a given location. 1. These lateral branches are called primary branches from which secondary branches extend. To exclude the possibility of pds phenotype that was generated by a natural mutation, 20 more different. Rice is found in Soggy Gardens. japonica cv. 43,926,542. The green ring disappeared, significant stem elongation, panicle above 2 mm, is considered as panicle differentiation stage (C). To solve this problem, we propose an improved Mask R-CNN combined with Otsu preprocessing for rice detection and segmentation. However, manually counting grains of rice per panicle is time-consuming, laborious, and error-prone. Left-clicking will destroy the crop and will NOT return a rice plant. Click on Installations. 1. It is an annual grass. level 1. Description. The occurrence of panicle initiation could be determined via either. OsDPE 2 can rescue panicle mutant phenotype of lax1-6 in Dular. 19+ 2. virens toxins can inhibit the accumulation of total sugar in rice panicles. Since the gene MONOCULM 1 (MOC 1) was first characterized as a key regulator in controlling rice tillering and branching, great progress has been achieved in identifying. 7 has been reported in advanced backcross lines of rice . 7200RF. OreDict Name. The identification results for two consecutive years show that 62. The assessment of rice panicle initiation is crucial for the management of nitrogen fertilizer application that affects yield and quality of grain. Trading with Villagers: You can also obtain neptunium by trading with villagers in Minecraft Aquaculture 2. The stems and panicles started to grow on 11 September; panicle differentiation was completed on 2 October. Rice panicle temperature (T p) is a key factor for studying high temperature impacts on spikelet sterility. In future work, we will further use MTL to improve the model performance, verify the effects with more rice varieties and environmental. The block below the. "Wild" Rice will occasionally spawn in the world. Identification of resistance genes against rice blast disease is one of the effective ways to control this disease. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a wide variety of hearty meals: from sandwiches to salads and stews, from beautiful desserts to mouth-watering feasts, no ingredient will be left behind in your kitchen! Source. 12) will only occasionally drop rice plants. Numerous. Rice (Oryza sativa L. Wild Rice is a plant and food ingredient found in the Land of Lakes biome. In this paper, we proposed a rice panicle detection and counting method based on deep learning which was especially designed for detecting rice panicles in rice field images with large image size. Comments (1. Simply harvest them and replant rice to get the new form! - Wild Rice now generates in Swamps, Jungles and Bamboo Jungles: - Somewhat more common than other wild crops, due to the rarity of these biomes; - Yields a single pile of Rice, and can be sheared. Rice is one of the most important food crops worldwide, especially in China [1–3]. OsDPE2 Can Rescue Panicle Mutant Phenotype of lax1-6 in Dular. e. In summary, OsDPE2 can regulate vegetative and reproductive plant development of rice by modulating starch content. ) is vital for agricultural management, but accurate identification of this phenomenon is difficult as the panicle forms within the pseudostem. However, panicle phenotypes are difficult to measure and susceptible to confounding during genetic. However, panicle blast resistance genes, which are useful in the fields, have rarely been studied due to the difficulty in phenotypic. Rice varieties PNT-JAT Hinohikari, PWT-JAT Akenohoshi, PNT-INT IR36, and PWT-INT Takanari were used in. 29 million single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were detected in 162 rice materials. The chlamydospores survive the winter in the soil and act as primary source. To find Rice specifically, search Swamps and Jungles, as this is the. seedRice. Keywords: DPE2; LAX1; Panicle. Rice yield comprises the following indices: panicle number (PN), grain number per panicle (GN), 1000-grain weight, and percentage of ripened grain. Early work on recognizing plant. ) panicle blight, caused by various fungal and bacterial pathogens, is an emerging threat to rice production because of its impact on rice yield and quality. Figure S1: Population structure of 340 rice accessions, comprising 161 indica and 179 japonica varieties. Understanding panicle development in rice (Oryza sativa L. A standard rice panicle comprises two pairs of glumes and one fertile floret, which directly contributes to grain yield. S1). During its growth, U. The quadratic polynomial. Fried Rice is a food item added by the Farmer's Delight mod. Drops from Autumn Trees, Maple Trees, and Dead Trees. We first conducted a QTL analysis of 5 rice panicle traits using 172 plants in 2011 and 138 plants in 2012 from an F2 population derived from a cross between Nipponbare and H71D rice cultivators. Suppression of OsMADS50 significantly delayed rice flowering and increased the number of elongated internodes. Left-clicking will destroy the crop and will NOT return a rice plant. . Rice (Oryza sativa L. With climate change, high temperature has become an important abiotic stress factor that threatens rice production, especially in the main rice-producing areas of the world, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia (Zhao et al. The rice panicle dataset is a hybrid dataset of UAV images, composed of different varieties, panicle types, and ecological points in a complex environment in a large field. It is obtained by cooking rice in a cooking pot (plated with a bowl) taking 100t (5s) and awarding 0. Fishing: The most common way to get neptunium is by fishing in the ocean or rivers. Rice Plant Panicle is an Item in Honkai: Star Rail. 2 ½. The aims of this. Rice Seeds is an item added by the Actually Additions mod. bytemeagain. The typical rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet contains a single fertile floret and produces only one grain; by contrast, Brachypodium distachyon spikelets contain multiple fertile florets and produce several grains. subsp. 32%, 82. a–f Rice panicles from FAZ1 (a) and the osepfl6 (b), osepfl7 (c), osepfl8 (d), osepfl9 (e), and osepfl5 (f) mutants. The generated branching patterns directly reflect rice grain productivity. Rice evolved a diversified determinate inflorescence (also called panicle), and rice panicle development includes high orderly and complex biological events including the formation of lateral branches and spikelet organs. . Article CAS Google ScholarIn rice, the circadian clock regulates tillering and panicle development through directly altering expression of the SL pathway genes. Items can be placed on the Cutting Board by using them on it. It is also revealed that GN determination is closely related to vascular development and the. The heading stage of rice is a critical period for disease control, such as for panicle blast. The differences in grain weight and quality within a rice (Oryza sativa L. This paper briefly introduces the general process of panicle development and summarizes the important. press "ENTER". - Seed-bearing Wild Crops (cabbage, beet and tomato) have a small chance of dropping an. The phenomenon. To increase yield, rice breeders have traditionally focused on panicle morphology (branch number and length, spikelet density), but have. This model yields a single image detection rate of 44. The main objectives of this review paper is to know the symptoms of rice blast. Rice Bale can be got using a command in creative mode. In this study, we aimed to locate consistent QTL regions associated with rice panicle traits by applying a genome-wide QTL meta-analysis approach. The expression of other important flowering regulatory genes such as RICE FLOWERING-LOCUS T 1 (RFT1), HEADING DATE 7 (GHD7), and SHORT PANICLE 1 (SP1) was also significantly lower than in WT . High grain number is positively correlated with grain yield in rice, but it is compromised because of poor filling of basal spikelets in dense panicle bearing numerous spikelets. GNPP is determined by a series of physiological and biochemical steps, including infl. Binomial name. Total number of grains panicle-1. Hey y'all! Today I am doing a Minecraft Mod Spotlight: Farmer's Delight! This is a food and farming mod for Minecraft 1. However, conventional manual characterization of rice panicles is time consuming and labor intensive. Because of the challenge of illumination differentials, panicle shape deformations, rice accession variations, different reproductive stages and the field’s complex background,. Abstract: Rice blast caused by M. High genetic diversity of rice has been economically profitable for mankind; the crop provides food calories to half of the human race on earth and because of its adaptability to diversified and unstable ecological. Panicle apical portion is a common reason for the low seed-setting rate in rice (Heng et al. Feeding takes place behind the leaf sheath. Figure S3: Correlations between PL, PBN, and SBN from each GWAS panel in 2015 and 2017. A population of 340 rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genomes Project was phenotyped for panicle length, primary panicle number and secondary branch number over two years;. You can also specify the number and who rice will be given: /give @p farmersdelight:rice 10. However, more information is needed for fully understanding of the mechanism underlying the. Subscribe! #minecraft #mods #minecraft mods Download Links: Farmer's Delight -. The NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) gene family plays a critical role in plant development. Tillering and panicle branching are important agronomic traits associated with rice grain yield. The second breakthrough is the application of heterosis in hybrid rice, which allowed a continuous increase in rice. Due to the complicated procedure of panicle blast identification and instability of panicle blast infection influenced by the environment, most cloned rice resistance genes are associated with leaf blast. This study investigated the mechanism involved in heat-induced damage to panicle development and spikelet formation in rice cultivars that differ in heat tolerance. Abstract. Background. r/CreateMod. The. The rice ( Oryza sativa L. Introduction. 1 BP (or HERE). It also has great potential in assisting phenotypic research. The T-DNA insertion. A custom-built panicle photosynthesis chamber (P-chamber) for panicle gas exchange measurements. Rice (Oryza sativa L. There's an assortment of new ingredients, which can make different meals. The rice seeds aren't for Farmer's delight, but for the Thermal Cultivation variant of rice. 2. S1). a An illustration of how the P-chamber works together with the gas analyzer Li-6400 to measure the photosynthetic and respiratory rates of a rice panicle. The current results indicated that the main causes for the higher number of spikelets and yields of large-panicle rice varieties were the higher numbers of differentiated and surviving spikelets on secondary branches (Table 1; Figures 1 and 2). The quadratic polynomial. To obtain Rich Soil within Farmer’s Delight, you’ll need to craft Organic Compost first. 5. Today I am doing a Minecraft Mod Spotlight: Farmer's Delight! This is a food and farming mod for Minecraft 1. Figure S4: Manhattan plots of GWAS for panicle length. By vectorwing. Optimization of rice panicle architecture by speci cally suppressing ligand receptor pairs Tao Guo 1,2,6,Zi-QiLu1,2,3,6, Yehui Xiong 4,6,Jun-XiangShan1,2,Wang-WeiYe1,2,It was suggested that the most effective way to improve rice grain yield is to increase the grain number per panicle (GN) through the breeding practice in recent decades. The rice variety ‘Jinyou 785’ was inoculated with the hypha spore suspension of the strains gfp-z1, gfp-z2, gfp-z3, and UV-PD11 using panicle sheath. The proposed FS scale and its prediction model will enhance the understanding of rice panicle developmental processes non‐destructively and act as a stepping‐stone towards the quantitative. The opening of spikelets in a rice panicle had been reported to be 7 days duration from apical to basal regions (Kato et al. Increasing the grain number is the most direct route toward enhancing the grain yield in cereals. This addon adds new 15 crops, 45 new food and many other technical blocks like feeders and wine. Rice is also a good model plant. The collection was suspended in rainy weather. RiceRes2Net first adopted the Res2Net network and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) as the backbone network to generate and fuse multi. The rice stem is planted ontop of the dirt block and grows into the water block, such that the panicle (the bit you break to harvest the rice) occupies the space. Species: S. , 2021). The Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) contains a total of 421 purified, homozygous rice accessions representing diverse genetic variations within O. Rice is a re-harvestable crop, right click the fully grown crop to harvest it safely. 8. Rice grain yield is influenced by a variety of factors, one of which is the rice inflorescence, also known as the panicle. 32% of our method compared with the YOLOv4 model and Faster-RCNN . Rice blast, caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae fungus, is one of the most devastating rice diseases worldwide. and panicles above water. Harvesting the top side when it's golden yellow will give you a Rice Panicle. The vegetative phase covers a period from germination to panicle initiation. A series of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between japonica and. Rice is a re-harvestable crop, right click the fully grown crop to harvest it safely. 5 - Tools of the. Blocks. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a wide variety of hearty meals: from sandwiches to salads and stews, from beautiful desserts to mouth-watering feasts, no ingredient will be left. Here, we report that. The traditional method of counting grains from a panicle is to thresh the rice panicle first and then manually count the grains. The grain number per panicle (GNP) is an important yield component. -Each growth goes by 7 stages, coming from the left to right side. Deep learning provides state-of-the-art. In this paper, we proposed a rice panicle detection and counting method based on deep learning which was especially designed for detecting rice panicles in rice field images with large image size. Straw can also be obtained by placing Wild Rice or Rice Panicle on a Cutting Board and harvesting it with a Knife. ) is a staple food crop. [which] thrive in shallow puddles of water. press "ENTER". Panicle number and grain number per panicle are two of the three yield components (Fan et al. There are two ways of crafting Organic Compost. The panicle architecture of rice is an important characteristic that influences reproductive success and yield. Panicle blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn. 2, rice could only be planted in water. A rice inflorescence is typically composed of a main rachis,. It is well known that there is a negative correlation between seed number and seed size in many plants, and this has a central evolutionary role. The OsER1-OsMKKK10-OsMKK4-OsMPK6 pathway shapes panicle architecture by regulating cytokinin metabolism. Ink Sac + Knife -> 2 Black Dye; Gravel + Shovel . Rice is found in Soggy Gardens. Rice Roll Medley is a placeable food item added in the Farmer's Delight Mod. Watercolor hand drawn. Below you can see a detailed description of this command to learn how to create rice bale in Minecraft. Wild Rice can only be found in. Blocks. Panicle counting is a challenging task due to many factors such as high density, high occlusion, and large variation in size, shape, posture et. Using a simple cooking system and a few familiar ingredients, you'll be able to prepare a wide variety of hearty meals: from sandwiches to salads and stews, from beautiful desserts to mouth-watering feasts, no ingredient will be left behind in your kitchen! Today we are looking at the Farmer's Delight Mod for Minecraft Java Edition 1. The heading date also plays a vital role in determining grain yield for research experiments. Background. But no EP-type indica varieties are released so far. In the autumn of 2020, a survey was conducted to understand the etiology of the disease in Liaoning Province, an important rice growing area in northeastern China. ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION2 (APO2) is the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) LEAFY (LFY), a plant-specific transcription factor. press "ENTER". rufipogon has been a classical trait for genetic studies of wild rice. Skip to content. subsp. I've uploaded the schematic for it to r/9x9. The harvested rice panicles were treated and prepared by a method developed to yield phenolic-rich extracts. the ratio of PN to MTN, to establish the relationship between ultra-high-resolution UAV image features directly and PR by using a deep learning PR network model called PRNet; (ii) obtain ETP and HD data for rice according to the PR and evaluate. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. In measuring both the panicle and the spikelet traits, of utmost importance is the consistency by which the determinant spots in the panicle are marked. Farmer's Delightis a mod that gently expands upon farming and cooking in Minecraft. Panicle traits are important for improving the panicle architecture and grain yield of rice. Understanding the mechanisms controlling GN has become an important research field in rice biotechnology and breeding. Plant Sci. The rice panicle dataset is a hybrid dataset of UAV images, composed of different varieties, panicle types, and ecological points in a complex environment in a large field. ). Panicle exsertion is an important but difficult to describe morphological index; therefore, it cannot be easily determined. 10 core version. The panicle size, an important agronomic trait that makes valuable contributions to the grain productivity in rice (Oryza sativa L. For example, some grains may get lost during the threshing process, some grains may get mechanically damaged, and some other grains may be still attached to the rice panicle. They appear as "a thinner form of cultivated rice. Phenotypes have been shown to greatly accelerate the process of rice genetics. Meet the Rice crop, requires to be submerged in water, but only the lower side. In breeding practice over the past 40 years in. It can be used to create anything a Slimeball can. I've uploaded the schematic for it to r/9x9. r/CreateMod. Web there are 13 recipes how to craft rice in minecraft. The Rice Seeds are a seed added by Actually Additions. Rice blast is one of the main diseases in rice and can occur in different rice growth stages. 32% of our method compared with the YOLOv4 model and Faster-RCNN . , 2020). Stem/Clum 3. It focuses on the rice panicle, its morphology and characteristics. Developing resistant varieties by pyramiding different blast resistance (R) genes is an effective approach to control the disease. Methods for accurate estimation of disease severity can support breeding. et al. Planting them on tilled soil plants Rice. · 1y. "Farmer's Delight is a mod that gently expands upon farming and cooking in Minecraft. Our improved model in this paper. The number of panicles per unit area is a common indicator of rice yield and is of great significance to yield estimation, breeding, and phenotype analysis. 7 % in hybrids (Table 4). Stoves are lit by default when placed. 2-YP4, which was detected on chromosome 12 for TSN per panicle, has been developed in a previous study. Plant Prod. However, few public. al. 0 number of grains per panicle . A simple equation. 2. 10.